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初中英语课堂师生互动个案研究

日期:2011-12-18 11:10 点击:转载到QQ空间 作者:英语论文大百科

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初中英语课堂师生互动个案研究

Teacher-Student Interaction in a Junior Middle School English Classroom: A Case Study

【作者】 刘晓阳;

【导师】 刘永兵;

【作者基本信息】 东北师范大学, 英语语言文学, 2008, 硕士

【摘要】 长期以来,我国的英语教学一直是教师讲解为主的传统课堂,其结果是导致相当一部分学生无法在真实语境的交际中有效的激活和运用先前的知识。《英语新课程标准》(教育部,2001)明确指出:“基础教育阶段英语课程的总体目标是培养学生的综合运用能力。”然而,在实施新课标的背景下现行初中英语课堂究竟有哪些特点?本文试图采用个案研究的方法,通过对某中学初一年级三个班话语语料的收集,从IRF结构,话轮转换,师生话语量,教师提问类型及教师反馈语五个方面对课堂互动进行分析。分析结果表明:(1)初中英语课堂师生主要话语模式为“IRF”模式,但其它一些更为复杂的模式也同时存在。(2)话轮分配的决定权由教师掌握,教师决定学生何时回答什么样的问题,学生自选的情况很少。(3)学生话语量远远少于教师话语量。(4)教师在课堂上使用参考性问题频率远远高于展示性问题。(5)教师在给学生积极反馈中,简短的表扬使用频率最高,其次是重复学生的回答并予以表扬。对待学生的语言或表达错误,教师使用最多的是提供帮助,期待学生自我纠正;其次比较常用的方式是叫其他人回答;最不常用的方式是立即纠正学生的错误;而忽略小错、在事后选择重要的进行讲解并纠正的方式无一教师采用。本研究针对的是三节常规教学模式下的初中英语课,其结果有一定的局限性,但它毕竟反映了初中英语课堂中真实的一面。根据以上统计分析结果可以看出,初中英语课堂教学仍是以教师为中心,课堂师生间缺乏自然的真正的交流。由此可以得到如下启示:(1)在英语课堂上教师应该多创设会话情境,给学生提供更多的话语交流机会。(2)增加互动,激发学生说英语的欲望。(3)创造和谐、平等、轻松的课堂环境。 更多还原


【Abstract】 China’s English class has long been dominated by the traditional grammar-translationmethod and the teacher does most of talking to students. Though students may have a goodcommand of grammar, they are unable to express themselves freely when face realcommunication. The new English Education Syllable for junior middle school in Chinarequires that the teachers should foster the students’primary communicative ability in bothspoken and written mode, to cultivate the ability to study independently and lay a solidfoundation for further study and use of English. So it is of great significance to observe whathappens in the classrooms and whether the teaching principles are implemented in theclassrooms.In this thesis, the author investigates three English classrooms in a junior middle schoolfrom the following aspects: IRF pattern, turn-taking behaviors in classrooms, the amount ofteacher talk and student talk, the frequency and types of teachers’questions as well as thefeedback given by teachers. Through a close study of collected data, the findings aresummarized as follows: (1) The IRF pattern is dominant in classrooms, but other morecomplex patterns are found too. (2)With regard to the turn-taking behaviors in classrooms, theresults show that teacher is the authority of turn allocation who decides who is going to takethe turn, when to take the turn and what to talk about. (3)The amount of student talk is lessthan that of teacher talk. (4)The teachers tend to ask more display questions than referentialquestions. (5) Most of the praises offered by teachers are short and simple praises andrepetition of response followed by praise amounts for the second percentage. But praisesfollowed by appraisals are not found in the present study. The analysis of error treatmentshows that providing a clue and expecting self-repair is used by teachers in an unexpectedhigh frequency while asking others to answer comes next. The least frequently used one can befound in the method of explicit correction. Ignoring and correcting later is not found in thepresent study.All of these findings reveal that there lack of genuine communication between teachersand students in English classrooms. From the study, we can get the following implications: (1)Teachers should give students more opportunities to speak in class. (2) There should be moreinteraction in classrooms to stimulate students’interest. (3) Supportive and encouragingenvironment should be constructed in classrooms. 更多还原

【关键词】 课堂互动; 课堂话语; 课堂教学; 话语模式; 话论转换; 提问; 反馈;
【Key words】 classroom interaction; classroom discourse; language pedagogy; discourse pattern; turn-taking; questioning; feedback;

参考文献:

 浅议多媒体在初中英语课堂教学中的应用
多媒体的应用可以把抽象的东西感性化引发学生的学习兴趣,也可以利用多媒体指导学生掌握正确的学习方法,增强课堂的容量,提高课堂教学效果。
收录数据库:《中文科技期刊数据库》 来源:《金色年华:教学参考》 2011年 第11期 作者:荀卫东 机构:江苏省建湖县近湖中学 江苏建湖224700 

 初中英语课堂教学策略谈
以人为本的《英语课程标准》正以全新的教学模式给初中英语课堂带来新的革命,作为教育工作者,我们应经常尝试用新的教学策略,寻觅更好的能够满足学生们多样化需求的教学方案,让每一节英语课成为...
收录数据库:《中文科技期刊数据库》 来源:《考试周刊》 2011年 第68期 作者:骆惠 机构:吴江市松陵第一中学校 江苏吴江215200 

 浅谈初中英语课堂教学的优化
在当今素质教育的大好形势下,英语教学中,优化课堂教学是重点,更是实施素质教育主要渠道。然而,要实现优化课堂教学,这就要求我们教师应从学生兴趣、学生自我意识、课堂结构之学习的自觉和竞争...
收录数据库:《中文科技期刊数据库》 来源:《中华少年:教学版》 2011年 第11期 作者:姚晓静 机构:河北省邯郸市曲周县进修学校附中 

 浅谈初中英语课堂教学评价
《英语新课程标准》提出了“注重过程评价,促进学生全面发展”的新理念,这就要求教师对学生的评价要多元性,多样性与可选择性,让评价体现人文性。所以,我们要注意形成性评价与终结性评价相结合...
 

  

初中英语课堂师生互动个案研究

Teacher-Student Interaction in a Junior Middle School English Classroom: A Case Study

【作者】 刘晓阳;

【导师】 刘永兵;

【作者基本信息】 东北师范大学, 英语语言文学, 2008, 硕士

【摘要】 长期以来,我国的英语教学一直是教师讲解为主的传统课堂,其结果是导致相当一部分学生无法在真实语境的交际中有效的激活和运用先前的知识。《英语新课程标准》(教育部,2001)明确指出:“基础教育阶段英语课程的总体目标是培养学生的综合运用能力。”然而,在实施新课标的背景下现行初中英语课堂究竟有哪些特点?本文试图采用个案研究的方法,通过对某中学初一年级三个班话语语料的收集,从IRF结构,话轮转换,师生话语量,教师提问类型及教师反馈语五个方面对课堂互动进行分析。分析结果表明:(1)初中英语课堂师生主要话语模式为“IRF”模式,但其它一些更为复杂的模式也同时存在。(2)话轮分配的决定权由教师掌握,教师决定学生何时回答什么样的问题,学生自选的情况很少。(3)学生话语量远远少于教师话语量。(4)教师在课堂上使用参考性问题频率远远高于展示性问题。(5)教师在给学生积极反馈中,简短的表扬使用频率最高,其次是重复学生的回答并予以表扬。对待学生的语言或表达错误,教师使用最多的是提供帮助,期待学生自我纠正;其次比较常用的方式是叫其他人回答;最不常用的方式是立即纠正学生的错误;而忽略小错、在事后选择重要的进行讲解并纠正的方式无一教师采用。本研究针对的是三节常规教学模式下的初中英语课,其结果有一定的局限性,但它毕竟反映了初中英语课堂中真实的一面。根据以上统计分析结果可以看出,初中英语课堂教学仍是以教师为中心,课堂师生间缺乏自然的真正的交流。由此可以得到如下启示:(1)在英语课堂上教师应该多创设会话情境,给学生提供更多的话语交流机会。(2)增加互动,激发学生说英语的欲望。(3)创造和谐、平等、轻松的课堂环境。 更多还原


【Abstract】 China’s English class has long been dominated by the traditional grammar-translationmethod and the teacher does most of talking to students. Though students may have a goodcommand of grammar, they are unable to express themselves freely when face realcommunication. The new English Education Syllable for junior middle school in Chinarequires that the teachers should foster the students’primary communicative ability in bothspoken and written mode, to cultivate the ability to study independently and lay a solidfoundation for further study and use of English. So it is of great significance to observe whathappens in the classrooms and whether the teaching principles are implemented in theclassrooms.In this thesis, the author investigates three English classrooms in a junior middle schoolfrom the following aspects: IRF pattern, turn-taking behaviors in classrooms, the amount ofteacher talk and student talk, the frequency and types of teachers’questions as well as thefeedback given by teachers. Through a close study of collected data, the findings aresummarized as follows: (1) The IRF pattern is dominant in classrooms, but other morecomplex patterns are found too. (2)With regard to the turn-taking behaviors in classrooms, theresults show that teacher is the authority of turn allocation who decides who is going to takethe turn, when to take the turn and what to talk about. (3)The amount of student talk is lessthan that of teacher talk. (4)The teachers tend to ask more display questions than referentialquestions. (5) Most of the praises offered by teachers are short and simple praises andrepetition of response followed by praise amounts for the second percentage. But praisesfollowed by appraisals are not found in the present study. The analysis of error treatmentshows that providing a clue and expecting self-repair is used by teachers in an unexpectedhigh frequency while asking others to answer comes next. The least frequently used one can befound in the method of explicit correction. Ignoring and correcting later is not found in thepresent study.All of these findings reveal that there lack of genuine communication between teachersand students in English classrooms. From the study, we can get the following implications: (1)Teachers should give students more opportunities to speak in class. (2) There should be moreinteraction in classrooms to stimulate students’interest. (3) Supportive and encouragingenvironment should be constructed in classrooms. 更多还原

【关键词】 课堂互动; 课堂话语; 课堂教学; 话语模式; 话论转换; 提问; 反馈;
【Key words】 classroom interaction; classroom discourse; language pedagogy; discourse pattern; turn-taking; questioning; feedback;

参考文献:

 浅议多媒体在初中英语课堂教学中的应用
多媒体的应用可以把抽象的东西感性化引发学生的学习兴趣,也可以利用多媒体指导学生掌握正确的学习方法,增强课堂的容量,提高课堂教学效果。
收录数据库:《中文科技期刊数据库》 来源:《金色年华:教学参考》 2011年 第11期 作者:荀卫东 机构:江苏省建湖县近湖中学 江苏建湖224700 

 初中英语课堂教学策略谈
以人为本的《英语课程标准》正以全新的教学模式给初中英语课堂带来新的革命,作为教育工作者,我们应经常尝试用新的教学策略,寻觅更好的能够满足学生们多样化需求的教学方案,让每一节英语课成为...
收录数据库:《中文科技期刊数据库》 来源:《考试周刊》 2011年 第68期 作者:骆惠 机构:吴江市松陵第一中学校 江苏吴江215200 

 浅谈初中英语课堂教学的优化
在当今素质教育的大好形势下,英语教学中,优化课堂教学是重点,更是实施素质教育主要渠道。然而,要实现优化课堂教学,这就要求我们教师应从学生兴趣、学生自我意识、课堂结构之学习的自觉和竞争...
收录数据库:《中文科技期刊数据库》 来源:《中华少年:教学版》 2011年 第11期 作者:姚晓静 机构:河北省邯郸市曲周县进修学校附中 

 浅谈初中英语课堂教学评价
《英语新课程标准》提出了“注重过程评价,促进学生全面发展”的新理念,这就要求教师对学生的评价要多元性,多样性与可选择性,让评价体现人文性。所以,我们要注意形成性评价与终结性评价相结合...